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乙二醇是一種化工上的一種大宗原料，別名是甘醇、1,2-亞乙基二醇，也可以簡稱EG。乙二醇外觀是無色的液體，對動物有低毒性，乙二醇能與水、丙酮互溶，但在醚類中溶解度較小。用作溶劑、防凍劑以及合成滌綸的原料。乙二醇的高聚物聚乙二醇（PEG）是一種相轉(zhuǎn)移催化劑，也用于細(xì)胞融合；其硝酸酯是一種炸藥。
Ethylene glycol is a bulk raw material in chemical industry, also known as ethylene glycol, 1,2-ethylene glycol, or EG for short. Ethylene glycol is a colorless liquid with low toxicity to animals. It can dissolve in water and acetone, but has a lower solubility in ethers. Used as a solvent, antifreeze, and raw material for synthesizing polyester. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), a high polymer of ethylene glycol, is a phase transfer catalyst and is also used for cell fusion; Its nitrate ester is an explosive.
乙二醇的作用：主要用于制聚酯，滌綸，聚酯樹脂、吸濕劑，增塑劑，表面活性劑，合成纖維、化妝品和炸藥，并用作染料、油墨等的溶劑、配制發(fā)動機的抗凍劑，氣體脫水劑，制造樹脂、也可用于玻璃紙、纖維、皮革、粘合劑的濕潤劑。可合成樹脂PET，纖維級PET即滌綸纖維，瓶片級PET用于制作礦泉水瓶等。還可醇酸樹脂、乙二醛等，也用作防凍劑。除用作汽車用防凍劑外，還用于工業(yè)冷量的輸送，一般稱呼為載冷劑，同時，也可以與水一樣用作冷凝劑。
The function of ethylene glycol: It is mainly used in the production of polyester, polyester, polyester resins, hygroscopics, plasticizers, surfactants, synthetic fibers, cosmetics, and explosives. It is also used as a solvent for dyes, inks, etc., as an antifreeze for engines, a gas dehydrating agent, and in the manufacturing of resins. It can also be used as a wetting agent for glass paper, fibers, leather, and adhesives. It can produce synthetic resin PET, fiber grade PET or polyester fiber, and bottle grade PET for making mineral water bottles, etc. It can also produce alkyd resin, glyoxal, etc., and be used as an antifreeze. In addition to being used as an antifreeze for automobiles, it is also used for the transportation of industrial cooling capacity, commonly referred to as a refrigerant, and can also be used as a condensing agent like water.
乙二醇
ethylene glycol
乙二醇甲醚系列產(chǎn)品是性能優(yōu)良的有機溶劑，作為印刷油墨、工業(yè)用清洗劑、涂料（硝基纖維漆、清漆、瓷漆）、覆銅板、印染等的溶劑和稀釋劑；可以作農(nóng)藥中間體、醫(yī)藥中間體以及合成制動液等化工產(chǎn)品的原料；作為電解電容器的電解質(zhì)、制革化纖染劑等。用作紡織助劑，合成液體染料、以及化肥和煉油中的脫硫劑的原料等。
The ethylene glycol methyl ether series products are high-performance advanced organic solvents, used as solvents and diluents for printing inks, industrial cleaning agents, coatings (nitrocellulose paint, varnish, enamel), copper-clad panels, printing and dyeing, etc; Can be used as raw materials for the production of pesticide intermediates, pharmaceutical intermediates, and synthetic brake fluids and other chemical products; As an electrolyte for electrolytic capacitors, a dyeing agent for leather and chemical fibers, etc. Used as a textile additive, synthetic liquid dye, and raw material for desulfurizers in fertilizer and oil refining production.
乙二醇在用做載冷劑時應(yīng)該注意：
When using ethylene glycol as a refrigerant, attention should be paid to:
1.其冰點隨著乙二醇在水溶液中的濃度變化而變化，濃度在60%以下時，水溶液中乙二醇濃度升高冰點降低，但濃度超過60%后，隨著乙二醇濃度的升高，其冰點呈上升趨勢，粘度也會隨著濃度的升高而升高。當(dāng)濃度達到99.9%時，其冰點上升-13.2℃，這就是濃縮型防凍液（防凍液母液）為什么不能直接使用的一條重要原因，必須引起使用者的注意。
1. Its freezing point changes with the concentration of ethylene glycol in the aqueous solution. When the concentration is below 60%, the concentration of ethylene glycol in the aqueous solution increases and the freezing point decreases. However, when the concentration exceeds 60%, the freezing point shows an upward trend with the increase of ethylene glycol concentration, and the viscosity also increases with the increase of concentration. When the concentration reaches 99.9%, its freezing point rises to -13.2 ℃, which is an important reason why concentrated antifreeze (antifreeze mother liquor) cannot be used directly and must be taken seriously by users.
2.乙二醇含有羥基，長期在80攝氏度-90℃下工作，乙二醇會先被氧化成乙醇酸，再被氧化成草酸，,即乙二酸（草酸），含有2個羧基。草酸及其副產(chǎn)物會先影響神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，接著是心臟，而后影響腎臟。乙二醇乙二酸，對設(shè)備造成腐蝕而使之滲漏。因此，在配制的防凍液中，還必須有防腐劑，以防止對鋼鐵、鋁的腐蝕和水垢的生成。
2. Ethylene glycol contains hydroxyl groups. When working at temperatures between 80 ° C and 90 ° C for a long time, ethylene glycol is first oxidized to glycolic acid, which is then oxidized to oxalic acid, also known as oxalic acid, containing two carboxyl groups. Oxalic acid and its by-products first affect the central nervous system, followed by the heart, and then affect the kidneys. Ethylene glycol ethylene glycol diacid causes corrosion to equipment and leads to leakage. Therefore, anti-corrosion agents must also be included in the prepared antifreeze to prevent corrosion of steel and aluminum, as well as the formation of scale.